Darkness at Noon An Indictment of Communism Essay Example

Darkness at Noon: An Indictment of Communism Essay It was Woodrow Wilson who said There is no higher religion than human service. To work for the common good is the greatest creed.This remark is not referring to communism but the principals can be associated with one another.The Communist ideals of the Russian revolution; moreover, their Bolshevik leaders, were steadfast and determined to the utmost degree.Not to say their principals were of great moral integrity, but they enforced them ruthlessly nonetheless.In the novel, Darkness at Noon, the author, Arthur Koestler, illustrates a fictional character, Rubashov, dealing with the very real tyranny of the communist regime that he helped create.He was exiled from his role of leadership and sent to prison by the newly founded regime.While in prison he reflects All of our principals were right, but our results were wrong.This is a diseased century.We diagnosed the disease and its causes with microscopic exactness, but wherever we applied the healing knife a new sore appeared we should h ave been loved by the people. But they hate us. Why are we so odious and detested?(Darkness at Noon, 47) This statement is heavily laden with underlying meaning of Koestlers reflection on the system that he himself helped design.The novel, despite having fictitious characters, is a story of real hardships and struggles of Russian revolutionaries and the consequences of their revolution.The following analysis dissects what Koestler is conveying in his statement in the context of the historical era and situations in which the character lived. While it is never explicitly said that the story is about Communist Russia or that any character represents a real figure in world history, for the sake of historical reference, this analysis will refer to the regime as Communist Russia and the leader of the regime, named Number One in the book, as Josef Stalin.The main character, Rubashov,

Evaluating the ESRB essays

Evaluating the ESRB essays Since 1994, Entertainment Software Rating Board ESRB had rated almost 10,000 video games and 400 online video games. This includes handheld games system to PC. With these ratings, the consumers allow themselves to choose wisely which games are suitable for them and their family. They also enforce the advertising guidelines and online privacy principles that the computer and video game industry should follow. With their strict rules and regulations, gaming companies had been obliged to let the board rate their games. They also make the developers to remove some parts of the game that is too much violent or not suitable for any gamers. The process of rating a game is like a jury duty. The board will select randomly people, who are not gamers themselves, to rate the game. They are given questionnaires and media equipment in order to give a detail explanations. Also, another three trained raters will rate and view the game. If both reviews coincide to each other, the board will issue a certificate with the appropriate rating symbol and descriptor. All of these informations are posted on the game box. The rating symbol is place on the lower left corner in front of the box while the descriptor is placed on the lower left corner at the back of the box. (ESRB Game Ratings) Most people do not like the boards rating process. In the recent years, murderous crimes were committed and linked to the games violent content. Most of these games are too detailed that it gives you an idea on how to kill a person. But why are these games exists in the store shelves? The board doesnt have the power to stop the developers on selling the game. They can be rated as M for mature, which means it is suitable for gamers from age 18 and above. In some countries, an external factor, like a department from a government, is used in order to abolish these games and stop selling them from the consumers. ...

Market for foreign exchange Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market for foreign exchange - Essay Example This research will begin with the definition of the foreign exchange market as one of the financial markets that is characterized by buyers and sellers of assets called ‘currencies’. It has traditionally performed the role of converting one currency into another. It is consistent with the principles of market economy laid down by Adam Smith, according to which the value or price of a currency is determined by the market forces of demand and supply. The terms ‘pegged’ and ‘float’ are often discussed when dealing with foreign exchange markets and are means of determining the levels of controls on one’s currency. As mentioned above, a currency maybe pegged or valued against a basket of other currencies or maybe left to the market forces of demand of supply in what is known as ‘free float’. In between the two, however, lies an intermediate form, the ‘balanced float’ that is characterized by some government control bu t is largely based on the principles of demand and supply. Taking a more realistic view, the value of a country’s currency is determined by the interplay of several factors including the economic, political, geographic environment. Tourism also positively affects the value of the currency by increasing demand for the country’s currency. For instance, a tourist who visits country A will require country A’s currency to purchase any goods and/or services in that country. Holding everything else constant, this shall result in an increase in demand for that currency, thus, bidding up its price.

Sexuality in America comedy show Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sexuality in America comedy show - Essay Example It is obvious that comedy shows tend to replicate the environment which fits the society regardless of the degree of contamination of the environment. Last Holiday is a comedy movie directed by Wayne Wang and is a remake of a 1950 British comedy that involves a woman who decides to enjoy pleasure when she finds out that she is going to die. It is a generic and romantic comedy with Queen Latifah, the main character and the main reason to enjoy the movie. It is interesting to note that someone enjoys her life only when she realizes that she is going to die instead of what most people could have done of forgoing the fun and perhaps ask their doctors for any other alternative and pray hard (Wang Film). The Queen Latifah’s ailment, which the doctor describes as diabolical, leads to her instant transformation from being a boring spinster to life of pleasure. She decides to abandon her desire of becoming a great cook and the need for dieting when she is told that she has three to four weeks to live. Latifah who plays a sales clerk named Georgia cashes in her savings to enjoy life in Czech Republic where her hero Chef Didier works. She mingles with other major powerbrokers in the hotel, she treats herself to all the services of spa, and the ski slopes (Wang Film). Georgia attracts the attention of wealthy men seated in the hotel and could not help taking their eyes off because of her beauty. She brings romance in the air due to unmistakable chemistry with LL Cool J as well as being attractive to the staff and the chef. However the films starts to bore when the focus turns from being a romantic comedy to parts that are more concentrating on politics, healthcare issues and corruption. This movie shows the attitude of most men who view women as sex tools. Sexual appeal of a woman’s body is crucial since a woman is considered a

Archeology Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Archeology Research Paper - Essay Example Gertrude Bell was a prominent explorer and traveller and became one of the first mountain or rock climbers of her time (Morell 3). Bell went to Jerusalem to study Arabic, and developed an obsession for archaeology in her travels there. Kathleen Kenyon, on the other hand, was one of the most celebrated female archaeologists of the 20th century and is well-known for her cautious excavation of the earliest city of Jericho. Kenyon was full of learning, a careful and precise recorder and wrote well (Morell 3). The Leakey family finally, made of Louis, Richard and Mary, was a family of archaeologists, as well as anthropologists (Morell 3). This family is considered to have made the main strides in people’s understanding and interpretation of the development of man, or otherwise early man, in Africa (Morell 4). They all resided in Kenya where they carried out their archaeological roles. For this reason, this paper has picked Louis Leakey as its subject and will discuss his contributi ons to the field of archaeology. Louis Seymour Leakey lived from 7th August, 1903 to 1st October, 1972. He was an English archaeologist and paleoanthropologist whose career was significant in creating human evolutionary growth, in Africa, especially through his findings in Olduvai Gorge (Bowman 15). Leakey also played a vital role in developing firms for future study in Africa, as well as for advocating for wildlife protection in Africa (Bowman 15). Having been the main mover in developing a custom of palaeoanthropological inquiry, Leakey motivated the following generation to carry on with it, particularly in his own family, most of whom became famous, as well. He took part in nationwide activities of British East Africa in addition to Kenya in the 50s. In the Philosophy of Nature, Leakey affirmed Darwins evolution theory solidly and set about to establish

Proton Was Incorporated In May Marketing Essay

Proton Was Incorporated In May Marketing Essay Introduction Proton was incorporated in May 7, 1983. Proton is Malaysias first national car maker company. Proton is a Malaysian automobile manufacturer headquartered in Subang Jaya and Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, with a manufacturing plant in Tanjung Malim, Perak. It all began in 1979, Malaysias Father of Modernization, Tun Mahathir Mohamad, (the Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia), mooted the idea of establishing an automotive assembling and manufacturing industry in our country. Proton successfully produced its Malaysias first car, the Proton Saga, which is commercially launched on July 9, 1985 by our prime minister who had originally conceived the idea of a Malaysian car (History of Proton Malaysia, 2010). Protons objectives include the development of indigenous research and development capabilities, world class manufacturing and production standards, design capabilities as well as a presence in the global market. To further cement their successes, they come out with the new model such as Persona, Exora, New Saga and Preve. According to Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak, Proton Preve has been developed accordance with global standards of quality and safety (Proton unveils latest car model the Preve, 2012). Today, they are constantly seeking progress that drives PROTON as a brand that encompasses not only making the best cars, but embracing the values that comes with it. Currently, export is one of the mode entries that Proton is using to expand its market. For instance, Proton cars are making their mark internationally as competitive and innovative automobiles. They are now being exported to 50 countries including the highly competitive United Kingdom and continental European markets. In order to reach the commitment from customers, business associates, shareholders, government agencies, and employees, Proton is realizing its goal of being an internationally successful Malaysian automotive manufacturer. It is achieving this by being customer oriented and by producing competitively priced and innovative products. Besides that, Proton has agreed with Chinas carmaker company, Hawtai Motor Group Ltd on Memorandum of Understanding (MoU to gain collaboration in product development and give licensing on its current models to Hawtai Motor Group to be manufactured by Hawtai in China (Proton signs MoU with Chinas Hawtai Motor, 2011). Main purpose for this collaboration is to develop the new models by sharing the cost and joint design. This enables Proton to lower down their cost and discover the potential cross-supplying of components from local Malaysian vendors to China. Proton also has relationship with the Youngman Automobile Group located in China. Youngman Automobile Group has been buying the Gen2 model from Proton since 2007 and selling the model under its own brand name. Proton is an automobile technology that is the pride and symbol of Malaysian innovation and dedication. Proton is preparing ahead now, with a view to globalize throughout the world. They will be breaking new grounds, opening n ew markets, and delighting new customers. Current Expansions Joint Venture Proton Holdings Berhad has a joint venture with Chinas Hawtai Motor Group Ltd to extend their expansion to China. They had come out with an agreement of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Chinas Hawtai Motor Group Ltd to explore collaboration in their product development that allow Malaysian car manufacturer to expand their business to China (Zaharin, 2011). Besides, Proton will also license its current models which are Proton Exora and the upcoming model presently coded P3-21A to Hawtai Motor Group. These two models will only sell in Chinese domestic market and there are under Hawtai brand and maybe with co-naming with Proton because they had joint venture to extend their brand to worldwide so that everyone in different country will know their brand (Zaharin, 2011). According to Proton Group Managing Director, Dato Sri Haji Syed Zainal Abidin, Proton are now concerning into new models that manufactured by Hawtai Motor Group and it is suitable to redevelop to act as the substitut e for existing Proton models so that the development and tooling costs will be shared by both companies (Proton signs MoU with Chinas Hawtai Motor, 2011). Partnership Proton-Lotus engineering is also having partnership with Youngman. Youngman is a family-owned company which is located in Jinhua, Zhejiang and now it has renamed itself as Engineered by Lotus. The car with the brand name of T5 SUV is the production of car upon the partnership between them. T5 SUV is the extended form of Gen-2 platform and it will use engines from Protons CPS upwards and will be priced in the range of RM 50,000 to RM 75,000. In order to going global, they also designed right-hand drive version and also left-hand version so that the model can be acceptable by all the nations and sold worldwide (Vong, 2012). Proton Holding Berhad is also carry out partnership with Mitsubishi Motors Corporation which is located in Japan. This partnership was found to be failing due to the lack of technology transfer in year 2005. Proton has established a 20 years old relationship with Mitsubishi, but in the end it still broke down (Tan, 2005). However, Proton and Mitsubishi still wish to extend their partnership option in year 2008. Upon the partnership, Mitsubishi will be able to deal with the development and production of all vehicles which is under Proton brand and Proton also allows building new Mitsubishi-based vehicles (Klose, 2008). Export    Since 1983, Proton has established its automotive position consistently in producing and exporting cars. Currently, Proton has risen to a level where it has exported to more than fifty countries which include traditional export markets such as United Kingdom, Asia and South America including Australia, Turkey, Russia, India, Laos, Egypt and Argentina. Other than that, Proton is also aggressively expanding their business in other countries including Middle East and South Africa (Gabilaia, 2001).  However, Proton  does not export cars in the United States because of strict American regulations (Aero, 2012  ). Proton started its international exporting in the late 1980 which exports from Malaysia to other right hand drive markets like New Zealand. However, it was not as success as compared to the United Kingdom so Proton had withdrawn from the New Zealand market in 1990 (Mandalina landy, 2009). When Proton first export of cars in Europe was started in 1988 where it exported to Republic of Ireland and a year later, they expand their export market to United Kingdom. There was a large unit of cars being exported to United Kingdom and Ireland in 1989 since the United Kingdom is the largest export market of Proton. They export the cars through its distributor in UK which is its subsidiary, Proton Cars (UK) Ltd. When Proton decided to export their car in UK, it shows a significantly improvement on the overall sales performance and increase in production units. According to Mandalina landy, Proton somewhat suffered poor quality product has made Protons image in UK being affected included the sale s of the car dropped 14 900 units in  1993  to 4 600 in  1998. In addition, Proton also has suffered for intensive competition from other countries in automotive industry such as Japanese and South Korean carmakers. Therefore, Proton is too rely on its major export market in United Kingdom, Proton can export to other European countries since the company has not much expansion towards European countries. Even though ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) agreements has been reduced the trade of entry to ASEAN country makes Proton decided to make further expansion to ASEAN country (Mandalina landy, 2009) but it just with a small units of car exports to Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Brunei, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Thus, it contributed to lower in term of Protons production and profitability. There are six original members of AFTA: Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia,  Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Now AFTA has included 4 members which are Vietnam, Laos, Myammar and Cambodia (Gabilaia, 2001). According to Aero, Proton does not officially exported their car to Vietnam. Besides, South Africa is the second country after Singapore where Proton has exported Satria Neo (Thestar, 2006). Proton would still retain its status as a national carmaker, but they will be focusing on its export markets (Choong, 2012). This can help Proton to offset the poor sales pe rformance on other export markets such as european market. Generally, Proton enters into some other countrys market via signing a distributor agreement with local based distributor such as Indonesia, Thailand and Australia. Forward  integration  is one of the strategies in order for Proton to gain the ownership control of its distributor. Thus, through signing distributor agreement that Proton as owner and controller of the distributorship of Proton cars can increases its control over its distributor. Besides, countries with left hand driving culture such as Singapore and Australia, Proton are producing and exporting left-hand car models to enter the market whereas neighboring market such as Thailand and Indonesia, Proton are serving them with right hand drive model of cars. Since car exports  are contributing substantial revenues for Proton. Therefore,  from 2008 onwards, Proton plans to push for annual car exports to 100,000 within the next few years (Neil McDonald, 2006). Acquisition Due to a lack of technology transfer, Proton has ended partnership with its major supplier Mitsubishi Motor in 2004 (Alborz Fallah, 2007). However, it does not affect Proton much regarding the supply of component part since they had been acquired Lotus Cars Company in 1996. Through acquisition, Proton able to obtain an additional source of engineering and automotive expertise since Lotus is well known with its engineering design and technology knowhow. According to Gabilaia, Proton is doing research and development with Lotus engineering and Petronas Formula1 team in order to build their own national car with their own engine without relies on the some component part supplied by Mitsubishi. As Proton was lacking of competitiveness in domestic and international markets, several measures were taken to upgrade the company over the years. The turnaround point was through acquisition of Lotus by Proton, Proton  is gaining the advantages from lotus in term of a major RD house through the well regarded  Lotus  Engineering as well as enter into European market which have been traditionally less responsive to Proton. Since Proton did the usual mistake among late coming automakers exporting from the very start to expand to the most competitive markets in the global North, it had made Proton suffered poor image quality. Thus, Proton regain the opportunity to go after a completely different customer segment without eroding the Proton brand in European market through acquired Lotus (Abdur-Rahman Syed, 2011). Future Expansions Partnership Proton has expanded over 50 countries in the world but they have yet to capture a big presence in Asia nations. As we know, India has the worlds second largest population in nations after China. Proton should target India to expand their operations since Indias market is not as compact as China yet which is still very prospective. As the failure of developing a concrete partnership agreement between German automaker Volkswagen and Proton (Paul Tan, 2006), Proton should gain another partner to broaden their market. Thus, we suggest Proton to pursue a partnership with the Japanese car-maker, Maruti Suzuki, a subsidiary company of Suzuki Motor Corporations which is a carmaker leader in India. Maruti Suzuki is a leading automobile manufacturer and the market leader in India car segment. By having a partnership relationship with Maruti Suzuki, Proton can easily capture the Indian market by the existence of well brand reputation of Maruti Suzuki in India. Maruti Suzuki has established a highly profitable joint venture with the India government that creates nearly monopolistic trade in the Indian automobile market. This is also one of the reason why Maruti Suzuki able to become Indias largest passenger car company. Through this joint venture, Proton can avoid many complex regulatory procedures from government department while entering India market. On the other hand, in order to continually dominate India domestic car market opportunities, Proton can propose to Maruti Suzuki with its multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), Proton Exora to be launched to the India domestic market. Although Maruti Suzuki has its own MPV in India but the price is much higher than Proton Exora. Indias car market does not have much (MPV) with a lower price. Proton Exora can offer a lower price than other MPV cars currently existing in the market. The proposal is likely to be successful because the MPV cars price is much higher than Proton Exora. Besides, Proton can collaborate with Maruti Suzuki in making diesel-powered car. The demand for diesel-powered vehicles has surged in the country following the widening gap between prices of petrol and diesel. (Maruti Suzuki may not meet 10% sales growth target in FY13, 2012) The gap between prices of petrol and diesel widening from Rs9.83 to Rs25 now, obviously there has been a shift in demand towards diesel. Proton can support the manufacturing process of diesel car by exporting their technology from Malaysia to India. For example, Lotus Omnivore engine which offers a 10% increase in fuel efficiency compared to stratified direct injection engines. Based on Protons current practices, we know that Proton is exporting their cars to its major countries like United Kingdom. This practice indicates that their exporting strategy is too narrow because they just focus on exporting large units in one country. Proton should focus more in exporting large units of cars to ASEAN country like Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Pakistan and so on. It is because these countries have the lower-cost based locations where it can provide low-rate of warehouse to put their cars (Hills, 2011). Moreover, it can also lower the paid for substantial costs of establishing manufacturing operation compared to United Kingdom (Hills, 2011). Another issue of exporting cars is the transportation costs; in which it requires high exporting cost to export car units to other countries (Hills, 2011). This will lead to low profitability and high expenses. Proton should try another mode entry instead of exporting, they can choose manufacture their car units regionally like wholly owned subsidiaries (Hills, 2011). Recently, Proton has selected a new entry mode like joint ventures with Chinas Hawtai Motor Group Ltd in China (Zaharin, 2011). The disadvantage of this practice is risky because it will reduce Protons controlling power to its partner (Hills, 2011). For example, Proton Exora and P3-21A only can sell in China and it is under Hawtai brand. It shows that Proton has no power to make any decision in China market. In addition, Proton would not have the full control over their partners. A good example, all models will be manufactured by Hawtai Motor Group for redeveloping to substitute Proton models in China (Zaharin, 2011). Furthermore, this practice would lead to battles and conflicts for control between the firms if their main objectives and goals are different and it may arise different point of views. For example, Proton Holding Berhad and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation where the partner give a slow pace of technology transfer and lead to end up their partnership in 2005 (Tan, 2005). This kind of problems would be serious if both of the firms are from different country due to the different views and perceptions. In order to prevent this problem arise, one of their partner must have a full controlling interest (Hills, 2011). Acquisition Acquisition is a good expansion strategy to be implemented but a suitable acquisition is vital in order to make profit. Acoording to Proton Cars Berhad managing director, Dato Syed Zainel, Proton is looking forward to be more export oriented in the future. Protons strategies dovetail particularly in the areas of quality enhancement and improvement, cost improvement and enhancement of production efficiency (Future plan- Proton, 2008). In my opinion, Proton should acquire carmaker which has more similarity of car category as Proton such as Mitsubishi. Instead of partnering with Mitsubishi, Proton should acquire their company since Proton is funded by government and has higher capital compared to Mitsubishi, a fully private owned company. Mitsubishi is also a well recognized carmaker company globally which can help Proton to boost up its brand name. Currently, Proton is already the partner of Mitsubishi Corporation under the partnership with EON Berhad since 2005 (Mitsubishi Motors, 2012). Mitsubishi is making losses in the European countries due to difficult operating environment and in debt-hit continent and is expecting to end manufacturing automobiles in Europe by end of 2012 (Loss-making Mitsubishi, 2012). This condition would be a favorable opportunity for Proton to acquire Mitsubishi. By acquiring Mitsubishi, Proton can gain benefit by sharing Mitsubishis global network to make exportation to uncovered regions such as North and South America, Africa and Oceania which are already the global network of Mitsubishi (Global Network Mitsubishi, 2012). In North America, Proton can export its car to countries like United States, Canada and Mexico which made up of high income (U.S.A), middle income (Canada) and lower income (Mexico) customers. With these varieties of income level, Proton should export cars of different price ranges to fulfill the American requirements. Currently, Proton does not export their cars to United States of America due to strict regulation of their government. By acquiring Mitsubishi, Proton can gain benefit by indirectly scheming into the American market. In Africa, Proton can export its car to countries like Zimbabwe, Nigeria and Kenya which mostly are made up of low income citizens which cannot afford expensive cars. Proton can produce cars which are of lower prices compared to prices of other carmaker companies offering them in the market to capture the African market. Meanwhile, Proton can scheme into customers that are not so fussy in countries like New Zealand and Palau in Oceania. Oceania societies are not very fussy in picking up car brand like Proton may be new to them but able to prosper at the same time. Other than using Mitsubishis global network to do exportation, Proton can get benefit by adopting Mitsubishis Japanese technology which is very innovative, effective and efficient. As we know, Proton often criticized for not being innovative enough in designing their car models. By acquiring Mitsubishi, Proton can gain full ownership of Mitsubishis Research and Development centre. Thus, Proton can send its local engineer to learn the Japanese innovation and technology. Mitsubishis technology also can benefits Proton by enhancing the quality and production efficiency of Protons car and making cost improvement As mentioned in the current expansion, Proton had acquired Lotus which has a strong market branding in the European continent (Lotus Purchased by Proton, 1996). Proton can use Mitsubishi technology to manufacture their cars and at the same time uses the Lotus branding to market their cars to the European continent to reposition both Mitsubishi and Proton among the European countries. By acquiring Mitsubishi in the future not only Proton can improve the production of their car in terms of quality but can also globalize our local brand across all continents. Conclusion In conclusion, Proton is an example of successful national car maker. Due to strong government support, Proton car became an icon of both personal and national success in Malaysia. Proton provides good quality and affordable car in order to encourage local residents to purchase and promote patriotism. There are plenty of ways of expanding a business. Proton has been expanding their business in other countries to fit the customers changing needs and also competing in this highly competitive market. The first current expansion strategy used by Proton is by exporting their product to other countries. Proton had successfully penetrated into United Kingdom, South America as well as Asian countries after meeting a number of challenges in terms of quality problems and regulations of other countries. Subsequently, acquisition is also one of the expansion strategies. Proton had acquired Lotus after ended its partnership with Mitsubishi. Proton is gaining the advantages from Lotus in term of a major RD and expertise to develop its own engine without relies on Mitsubishi. In 2011, proton has joint venture with Chinas Hawtai Motor Group Ltd to extend their expansion to China. Proton will license its current models which are Proton Exora and the upcoming model presently coded P3-21A to Hawtai Motor Group to extend their brand to worldwide so that everyone in different country can recognize their brand. Proton Holding Berhad was carrying out partnership with Mitsubishi Motors Corporation which is located in Japan. This partnership was a failure due to the lack of technology transfer in year 2005. On the other hand, we recommend Proton to pursue a potential collaboration with the Japanese car maker which is also the car maker leader in India, Maruti Suzuki. Maruti Suzuki is a leading automobile manufacturer, therefore it can easily capture the Indian market by the existence of well brand reputation in India. We also recommend Proton to collaborate with Maruti Suzuki in making diesel-powered car due to the reason of demand for diesel-powered vehicles has surged in the country following the widening gap between prices of petrol and diesel. Proton can also use acquisition for their future expansion. We recommend Proton to acquire Mitsubishi and use the Mitsubishi technology which can help in enhancing quality and productivity as well as cost improvement of Protons cars and at the same time uses the Lotus branding to market their cars to around the world. Mitsubishi also has a wide global network which they had already expended to all regions in the world. By acquiring Mitsubishi, Proton can benefit from using their global network to do exportation. To achieve an excellent result, Proton will have to constantly strive to be at the forefront of the industry. Proton also has to persistently improve its products and services in the wake of increasing competition in this market. Their mission is to dominate the pursuit of being the first choice of car making company for Automotive Products Services.

Exploration of Bondage in Middle Passage Essay -- essays research pape

Bondage can be defined as a state of subjection to a force, power, or influence or the state of being under the control of another person. Throughout the novel Middle Passage, written by Charles Johnson, bondage is a reoccurring theme. The characters in the novel are bonded physically, emotionally, or psychologically. Some characters are bonded and can not escape their bondage. Others choose to place themselves in the situations. Throughout the course of the novel, some of the characters gain their freedom and move forward with their lives. Other characters are never able to gain their freedom because their lives end in death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Within the first page of the book we are introduced to Rutherford Calhoun, an ex-slave. He has been recently freed and has chosen to settle down in New Orleans. According to Rutherford, â€Å"New Orleans wasn’t just home. It was heaven†(2). Rutherford is in search of living the life of what he envisions as a free man: happy and self-directed. However, Rutherford finds himself bonded to new things. As scholar Barbara Z. Thaden asserts, â€Å"Rutherford discovers that his freedom is only a different type of slavery† (254). Thaden also notes, Rutherford leads â€Å"a life of petty crime, drinking, womanizing, and running from commitment of any kind† (254). He becomes bonded to gambling, stealing, and debt. As scholar Ashraf H.A. Rushdy argues, â€Å"gaining his freedom has only trapped him further into the futile struggle to preserve and promote his individuality† (375).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In New Orleans, Rutherford becomes a petty thief. He says that he â€Å"looked for honest work† but â€Å"found nothing† so he stole (3). Rutherford also says that stealing was â€Å"a way to shake off stress and occupy his hands† (103). As scholar Ashraf H.A. Rushdy notes, â€Å"stealing, for Rutherford, is more than an occupation: it is a philosophy†(376). As a child, Reverend Peleg Chandler â€Å"[noticed] the stickiness of his fingers†(3). In order to gain access aboard the Republic, Rutherford steals Josiah Squibb’s paper and continues his habit of stealing throughout the voyage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rutherford also becomes bonded to gambling and as a result, ends up in debt. Rutherford would play card games â€Å"that lasted three days and nights†(7). Because he lost most of the card games he played and used what money he had to play card games, ... ...i were bonded to slavery. They had to give up their freedom to become bonded to the Republic as slaves. They were treated harshly and their only choice to escape their enslavement was mutiny. The Allmuseri were also bonded to their beliefs. Thaden illustrates that Johnson had â€Å"inscribed into the Allmuseri mindset many classical Buddhist beliefs†(255). The Allmuseri believed that the ship was condemned to death because they had allowed themselves to kill so many of the whites.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As scholar Barbara Z. Thaden expresses, â€Å"Rutherford learns on his voyage that the more people escape the bonds of others, the more trapped they become in bondage to their own egos†(257). Johnson shows throughout the novel that no man is truly free of bonds and that freedom doesn’t exist without bondage. Rutherford gains a new idea of freedom as a result of his experience aboard the Republic while Falcon, bonded to his ego, never gains freedom because he takes his own life. As scholar Ashraf H.A. Rushdy suggests, â€Å"Rutherford learns that bonds and connections are a matter of surrender to another order of being, and are not simply determined by racial or biological destiny† (377).

Thomas Jefferson Essay

Thomas Jefferson was a very peculiar man. He was a wealthy aristocrat from the colony of Virginia and was a Democrat in the government. His ideas were very inconsistent with the life he lived. Many of his ideas contradicted his own life which made him a consistently inconsistent man. Thomas Jefferson’s political philosophy contradicted Jefferson’s own life and allow for the less fortunate colonists to prosper. Thomas Jefferson lived a very prosperous and comfortable life in which his political philosophy was the opposite. He was the son of Peter Jefferson and Jane Randolph. His father was a self-made man but his mother came from a distinguished Virginia family which assured the social position of Thomas. In 1575, Thomas’s father died leaving him with over 2,700 acres and a large number of slaves. This privilege Thomas had allowed him to write about human liberty which was supported by the three generations of slaves he encountered. With Thomas writing about human liberty, he was contradicting his own beliefs because he had over 200 slaves himself. Also, under the leadership of Jefferson, Virginia reformers abolished primogeniture. The policy of primogeniture however was the basis of Jefferson’s social and economic success. If the policy of primogeniture was not in place, Jefferson would not have succeeded to the position he had because he would not have received the land his father had after his father passed away. Jefferson also represented a number of different groups in politics that were very different. In American politics, he became the leader of the yeoman farmers and was also the leader of great planters. These two groups were exact opposites which revealed the nature of Jefferson’s political basis- befriend the poor and the wealthy. Jefferson was also the head of a popular group that went against the commercial interests of the nation but the group was also a popular group with economic goals of its own. Jefferson believed that society should keep the agricultural basis but he believed in progress. Jefferson was a very impulsive man. His familiarity with many different countries and nations allowed him to absorb and relay the most abstract ideas of his time. He believed in these abstract ideas and changed them in order to become prevalent in the American society. However he was not quick to break these rules in try to fulfill them. Jefferson lived an unusually long life for a person living during his time and saw many changes in society. This resulted in his ideas varying based on the circumstance. Jefferson was a very inconsistent man but his ideas allowed for the basis of the American government. Jefferson’s inconsistent ideas laid a basis for the American government and allowed the poorer citizens to prosper. Jefferson’s ideas laid the basis for the constitution and the Bill of Rights. When he was part of the Virginia government, Jefferson helped the Virginia reformers lay a base for freedom of thought and religion by disassembling the Anglican Church and forbidding legal or political disabilities for religious dissent. This is the basis of the first Amendment of the Constitution. In 1774, he wrote a very daring treatise in which he applied the natural right doctrine to the controversy in the colonies. This treatise brought immediate attention to Jefferson and gave him the reputation of a literary genius which gave him the job as the draftsman of the Declaration of Independence. After drafting the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson refrained himself from expressing his more unacceptable ideas in public because his ideas guided the direction in which society should be guided. Jefferson greatly affected the poorer society in America which allowed him to become a man who had a perspective of each side of society. He sided with the Agrarians but he also sided with the wealthy. Thomas Jefferson greatly affected American society as a whole by expressing his ideas which were widely accepted and including everyone in society. Thomas Jefferson’s political philosophy contradicted Jefferson’s own life and allow for the less fortunate colonists to prosper. Thomas Jefferson lived a very prosperous and comfortable life in which his political philosophy was the opposite. Jefferson’s inconsistent ideas laid a basis for the American government and allowed the poorer citizens to prosper. Thomas Jefferson was a very consistently inconsistent man who greatly affected American society.

Definition and Examples of the Habitual Present Tense

Definition and Examples of the Habitual Present Tense In English grammar, the habitual present is a verb in the  present tense  used to indicate an action that occurs regularly or repeatedly. It is also known as the present habitual. Typically, the habitual present employs dynamic verbs, not stative verbs, and it may be accompanied by an adverb of frequency such as always, often, or  seldom. Examples and Observations He  runs every morning in  New York. Twice around the reservoir. I know, because I go with him. I dont run, but I go.  (Wil Haygood, Sweet Thunder: The Life and Times of Sugar Ray Robinson. Knopf, 2009)In the movie 50 First Dates, Lucy Whitmore wakes up every day with no memory of the previous day as a result of an automobile accident that has virtually eliminated her short-term memory.His wife buys daily the food for that day in a permanent market of small stores and booths in the plaza in quantities so small as to astound and amaze an American housewife.(May N. Diaz, Tonal: Conservatism, Responsibility and Authority in a Mexican Town. University of California Press, 1966)Joshua Stillman must be old but nobody ever thinks of what his age might be, he is so very much alive. He goes to the city every day and comes back early every afternoon. As he so seldom talks about himself nobody knows exactly what he does except that it has to do with books and small print.(Katharine Reynol ds, Green Valley. Grosset Dunlap, 1919) Adverbs of Frequency with the Habitual Present Present tense is also used with active verbs to describe something that happens routinely or habitually. Like the present tense that is used for general statements of fact, the habitual present tense does not limit routine or habitual activities to a particular time span. Instead, it suggests a timeless quality; that is, the habit or routine that happens regularly also did so in the past and will do so in the future. Hurran uses his truck to carry food and water to his familys tent camps in the desert. When the present tense is used to describe a habitual or routine activity, it may have an adverb of frequency with it. Each Saturday, Hurran drives into town to get food and water supplies. He washes and waxes his truck each week. (Linda Bates, Transitions: An Interactive Reading, Writing, and Grammar Text, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2005) The Habitual Present and the Present Progressive The habitual present . . . is used with dynamic verbs to encode situations that occur habitually over time, even if the action is not being carried out at the moment of speaking. For instance, referring to the following examples, Tim may not actually be working, nor the leaves falling at the moment of speaking. Nevertheless, the recurrent situation holds as the normal course of things and is appropriately referred to by the present tense. Tim works in an insurance company. Many trees lose their leaves in autumn. Again, it must be pointed out that the plain present tense used for habitual and other meanings contrasts with the present progressive, which encodes an actual occurrence of a dynamic action observed in the process of happening, as in Tim is working late today. The trees are already losing their leaves. (Angela Downing and Philip Locke, English Grammar: A University Course, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2006)

Underage essays

Underage essays Minor Drinking and why its not right Minor drinking can cause many different problems in fact according to preliminary estimates, in 2000 there were 5,702 youth between the ages of 16 and 20 killed in motor vehicle traffic crashes. Teenagers make less than 7% of the nation's licensed drivers, but they are involved in 15% of all fatal crashes. Forty-one percent of fatal crashes involving teenagers occur at night between 9pm and 6am.After 11 years of decline in the number of high school seniors reporting daily drinking, the numbers increased 16 percent proportionally from 2.5% in 1993 to 2.9% in 2000. However, from 1999 to 2000 there was a 15% decrease in the proportion of high school seniors reporting daily drinking. While all 50 states and DC have a zero tolerance policy for youth under 21, 21% of 16-20 year old drivers involved in fatal crashes had a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level of .10 or higher in 1999. Fourteen percent of these young drivers were involved in fatal crashes where the BAC level was .10 or hi gher. With these numbers you can see why alcoholism in a minor is not appropriate. Minors are not as experianced as an adult. An adult has to have been driving for at least five years. Drinking and driving is not ok by any means, but a person who has had the experiance can control the wheel a lot better than someone who has only been driving for a year or so. The landmark inc. conducted a survey including 900 adults. This survey shows that adults believe in cracking down on minor drinking. Seventy six percent of adults believe that parents should be held responsible for their teen's drinking. Another Eighty Six percent call for restrictions in home delivery of alcohol. Seventy Four percent support restrictions on alcohol advertising. Even fifty four percent of adults agree on increasing alcohol taxes. Now thats a lot to say since adults are legally able to drink. That makes it harder for them to afford something the...

Diversity in learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diversity in learning - Essay Example Bilingualism can be a virtue of growing up while using and learning two languages simultaneously. Argumentatively, human beings can naturally acquire bilingualism. The acquisition of an additional language is sequential bilingualism. Therefore, interpretation of bilingualism is subjective to individual definitions. Bilingualism encompasses a significant amount of contexts and proficiency. In children, bilingualism may restrict the use of the first language for familial and domestic purposes. English language is mostly a second language with the highest preference for communication in official environments and outside home. Sequential bilingual learning is similar to learning of a first language. The newly acquired language must be appropriate and accurate. The language learning processes are similar and have differences too. For instance, bilingual learners approach learning additional language with a background linguistic system, rules and structure. Additionally, the process of learning a second language starts at different ages and not from birth. Therefore, it involves different strategies for acquisition of the same. Linguistic differences and primarily low proficiency in English is a cause of low academic achievement. Argumentatively, the statement is plausible as it implicates English medium for learning by students with limited comprehension of the language. The students with poor mastery of the teaching language have problems with instructions and expression as well. Cultural difference also affects a student’s social life. In a case where the student cannot interact with colleagues, feeling of loneliness ensues. Moreover, solitude forms a fundamental foundation in acquisition of fear and low self-esteem (Meisel, 2013 p. 397). The manifestation of personal feelings is observable in withdrawal from extra-curriculum activities and poor participation in class work. For instance, bilingual students that are composed rarely do not ask questions

Analysing the Impact of Capital Structure on the Performance of UK Dissertation

Analysing the Impact of Capital Structure on the Performance of UK Financial Institutions - Dissertation Example The Miller-Modigliani Theory 15 2.4.3. Pecking Order Theory 16 2.4.4. The Agency Cost Theory 18 2.5. Potential Determinants of Capital Structure 19 2.6. Statement of the Problem 26 Chapter 3: Data and Methods 28 3.1. Research Methodology 28 3.2. Research Purpose and Research Approach 29 3.3. Qualitative Research 29 3.4. Quantitative Research 30 3.5. Primary Research 30 3.6. Secondary Research 31 Chapter 4: Analysis and Results 34 4.1. Overview 34 4.2. Selection of Dependent Variables and Independent Variables 35 4.3. Data Analysis Techniques 36 4.4. Fieldwork and Data Collection 37 4.5. Hypotheses Formulation and Variable Selection 38 4.6. Data Sources and Data Presentation 44 Chapter 5: Discussion and Interpretation of Findings 50 5.1. Data Analysis and Discussion 50 5.2. Regression Results 51 Table 5.2.1 - The Regression Analysis of RBS 53 Table 5.2.2 - The Regression Analysis of Standard Chartered Plc 54 Table 5.2.3 - The Regression Analysis of Lloyds Group Plc 55 Table 5.2.4 - Th e Regression Analysis of Barclays Plc 56 5.3. Robustness of Statistical Data 58 5.4. Interpretation of Findings 60 Chapter 6: Discussion and Conclusion 63 6.1. Summary 63 6.2. Theoretical Implications 65 6.3. Practical Implications 65 6.4. Limitations 67 6.5. Directions for Future Research 67 6.6. Reflections 68 References 71 Bibliography 77 Appendices 80 Table 1 – Regression Model of Royal Bank of Scotland 80 Table 2 – Regression Model of Standard Chartered Plc 84 Table 3 – Regression Model of Barclays Plc 89 Table 4 – Regression Model of HSBC 93 Table 5 – Regression Model of Lloyds 97 Chapter 1: Introduction The functions of financial management of a firm deal with the management of the sources from which funds are received and the effective utilization of such funds. Debt holders and equity holders are the suppliers of finance, and they supply finance for raising capital for assets of the company. So they have the right to participate in cash fl ows generated from the investment of the raised capital. The ratio of share of profits generated is determined by the debt equity ratio. As debt holders are the first to be paid, they become important to the firm if the firm wants to maximize the returns of the equity holders. As cost is also an important component of financing, so on a way to examine the net benefit from an investment, the cost incurred on such investment is also to be accounted. The objective of the study is to analyse the impact of capital structure on the performance of financial institution of United Kingdom. In order to achieve the objective, the study covers literature review and theoretical framework of the topic. Research design has been done with the intention of selecting appropriate methodology and data collection analysis. Moreover, the data will also help to get the findings of the research. After interpreting the research findings, the study finally ends with conclusion, practical implication of the r esearch and directions for future research. 1.1. Background of the Study The mix of financial liabilities of a firm is referred to as its leverage (i.e. a mix of financial instruments that tends to increase the potential of return of investment undertaking the risk associated with it). Although financial capital is uncertain, it is still considered to be the critical resource by all firms, and suppliers of finance make this investment so as to have control over the firm. In a firm debt holders and equity holders are the two types of investors who invest in equity and debt